What Are the 22 Non Metals in the Periodic Table?
Metals are substances that are solid at room temperature. Nonmetals are elements that do not emit hydrogen gas when they react with acids or other substances. These elements form more compounds than do metals. Living organisms are mostly made up of nonmetals. The following are some of the elements that make up the universe.
Nonmetals are the elements that do not have metallic properties and are kept in the rightmost position of the periodic table. They include hydrogen, carbon, phosphorus, sulfur, iodine, and oxygen. Of these elements, only hydrogen and oxygen exist in solid form. The remaining eight elements are gases.
The periodic table lists the elements based on their properties. Metals are solids and conduct electricity and heat. They are also ductile and can be hammered into thin sheets. Nonmetals are liquids and gases, which have different properties than metals. For example, some metals are insoluble in water.
Nonmetals can also form an ionic compound with a metal. Most non-metals are reactive to oxygen, but only a few react with water. When exposed to oxygen, they can catch fire. They also have properties that make them useful in various applications. Chlorine, for example, can purify water and be used as rocket fuel. Carbon, on the other hand, is used to make graphite pencils.
While some of these materials are very resistant to heat and electricity, they are not the strongest materials. In fact, some nonmetals are quite brittle. That means that they are not the best for certain applications. Ceramics and other nonmetals are often lightweight. They are also tested similar to metals, so they can be used in a variety of ways.
The most intriguing non-metal elements in the periodic table are the Groups III (A) and VI (A) of the periodic table. These elements are on the right side of the periodic table and fall between the metallic and non-metal categories. The characteristics of these elements were first noted by F. Hund, who first described them. For example, they are mostly diatomic, with a few exceptions. These elements also have high dielectric constants.
The differences between metallic and non-metals can be easily identified by room temperature conductivity data. Low-temperature conductivity differences are even more pronounced. Crystal structures are also useful in distinguishing the different types of non-metals. These two methods are often used to identify the different types of elements in a compound.
The properties of non-metals also vary. Most non-metals are solids, but they can also exist as gases or liquids. Unlike metals, most non-metals are low-melting or low-boiling. In addition, they tend to be brittle in their solid state, limiting their ability to be malleable or ductile. Nonetheless, some of them are very ductile, such as carbon.